Color de césped artificial

Seda hilo hierba hierba importada y doméstica

Algunas personas creen erróneamente que las importaciones de alambre de hierba de pasto alambre interno , no es cierto , los productos importados y los productos nacionales , los criterios deben ser utilizados para evaluar la calidad del producto es bueno o malo no debe ser utilizado para identificar la identidad de origen , sino que deben utilizar los datos de pruebas profesionales y elija una evaluación científica de las pruebas y la certificación. En el año 2000 , los fabricantes de la producción de seda doméstico hierba acaba de comenzar, los procesos de producción , la formulación de materiales, capacidades a escala empresarial y otras razones, el nivel medio de las importaciones de alambre de hierba , y hay algunas diferencias , pero hoy en día , muchos bien conocidas las empresas nacionales ya han superado los obstáculos técnicos al comercio internacional , los productos se exportan al extranjero , tan pronto como sea posible y extranjeros marcas para competir en el mercado internacional Dingli ella. Las importaciones sobre la hierba concepto césped artificial del alambre interno tiene demasiado viejo y no en la ciencia objetiva.

Color de césped artificial

La idea de que una seda hierba más oscuro es el mejor será la calidad , de hecho , no hay base , de hecho , depende de la profundidad de color de profundidad de color de mezcla madre , y la calidad de , hierba de alambre sin relación , y la vida de la principal anti - UV calidad de aditivo y la relación entre el número de relevante .

base de césped artificial color de la tela

Algunas personas piensan erróneamente que la base de sostén de tejido verde es respetuosa del medio ambiente , de hecho, si la tela de base hecha de aditivo de pintura verde aumentará , pero no conduce a la protección del medio ambiente y el índice de rendimiento anti - UV disminuirá ; por la que se de el lugar después de la final se llena completamente cubierto accesorios de tela , el color de la apariencia del sitio , el rendimiento no tiene ningún efecto .

Césped artificial de fútbol y diferente

Calidad de Hockey de la seguridad de los productos a través del césped, la permeabilidad al agua y las bolas de rebote métricas de rendimiento . Césped artificial de fútbol y diferente, TurfSoccer no imitar deliberadamente la sensación de la hierba real, la seda de la hierba de la hierba de fútbol media corta. TurfSoccer estructura hierba corta para mejorar la velocidad de carrera del jugador y el rendimiento de la bola de balanceo , y por lo tanto para las competiciones de aficionados y profesionales proporcionan una alta calidad de campo de deportes .

Asociación Internacional de Hockey ( FIH ) es una organización de gestión de hockey , cuenta actualmente con 118 miembros . A fin de garantizar la continuidad e integridad de hockey, FIH necesita con organizaciones de hockey nacional e internacional para trabajar juntos. La responsabilidad recae no sólo regulan FIH hockey, sino también para garantizar el desarrollo y la promoción del hockey, para proporcionar protección para el futuro del hockey.

Hockey polideportivo es generalmente causada por césped natural o artificial pavimentada , que contiene dos tipos de suelo de césped artificial : lugares de relleno de arena y el lugar de pulverización. Favorito El popular masculina y femenina del jugador de hockey, especialmente popular en Europa , Asia, Australia , Nueva Zelanda y Sudáfrica.

La introducción de hockey sobre césped artificial ha cambiado en gran medida . Desde la década de 1970 , el césped artificial desde el nacimiento de algunos países occidentales están en el partido de hockey en campo de hierba artificial. El uso de césped artificial mejora en gran medida la velocidad de carrera del jugador, la forma del club de hockey también habrá algunos cambios con el fin de satisfacer las diferentes técnicas de interpretación como genéticamente seguir golpeando palo y establece a su vez la pelota.

césped sintético nació en los años 60 del siglo pasado

césped sintético nació en los años 60 del siglo pasado , el uso de métodos artificiales como las materias primas a base de productos de fibra de plástico , no de vida . Sección Grass parece césped natural imitación plana de la tela del césped natural, para satisfacer las necesidades de ejercicio de alta intensidad , de fácil colocación , aplicabilidad y el color brillante , buen tacto , excelente planitud de la hierba y no consumir para la conservación del césped natural del agua , etc [ 1 ] . Sin embargo , el deporte es un deporte perennes , exigir instalaciones deportivas pueden usar tanto tiempo como sea posible en el año . Así césped sintético puede resistir los rayos ultravioletas , el viento , la lluvia y otras condiciones externas adversas , el daño a largo plazo, para ser de buena calidad , larga vida útil . Por lo tanto para mejorar el nivel de tecnología de césped artificial para mejorar la resistencia al desgaste del césped con el fin de prolongar su vida , para jugar un papel más importante en la promoción de la causa de la protección del medio ambiente , desarrollo económico y deportivo.

Utilizado movimiento césped sintético es un material compuesto de polímero , un componente principal es el polietileno es un material no biodegradable , etc , tales como DOWLEX ™ PE y ELITE ™ PE , así como poliolefina AFINIDAD ™ .

Hay muchas ventajas de césped sintético y los materiales de polímero de césped natural debido a la composición del césped artificial tiene muchas ventajas , pero la capacidad de carga de polímero y la mala conductividad térmica , baja temperatura de distorsión por calor , las deficiencias inestabilidad dimensional , por lo que estudiar materiales poliméricos modificados para ampliar es muy necesario su gama de aplicaciones y condiciones de uso ampliado antifricción materiales resistentes al desgaste que mejoran la resistencia al desgaste del deporte césped césped mejorar la vida de su mantenimiento. El método principal para la modificación de las investigaciones existentes : la estructura del polímero modificado , materiales reforzados con fibra de rellenos , micras compuestos inorgánicos de partículas reforzada materiales y nano- partículas modificados . Los tres aspectos siguientes fueron revelados .

Tribología como muy prácticas disciplinas básicas estrechamente relacionadas con la formación y el desarrollo de las necesidades de producción social y el progreso de la ciencia y la tecnología. Desde el siglo en el césped artificial deportivo , tiene características más relevantes que el césped natural, deportes, etc en diversos campos ha sido ampliamente utilizado en las tendencias se convierten en los principales productos para el césped . Por lo tanto el estudio de la resistencia al desgaste del material de polímero del ingrediente principal . Mejorar las características de desgaste del material de polímero , para extender la vida útil del césped sintético , la ampliación del entorno de la aplicación del césped, ampliar las aplicaciones han jugado un papel vital. También se amplió la investigación tribología en el campo de los deportes y de la rápida aplicación de césped artificial , se espera que el césped estudio resistencia a la abrasión artificial para convertirse en una importante rama de la tribología . Pero nuestro fricción bastante tarde futuros trabajadores, tribología necesita el espíritu de la teoría con el Principio práctico para acelerar el estudio de la resistencia al desgaste del césped sintético en China, una importante contribución al desarrollo de la industria del deporte y de la economía nacional.

it experienced a natural grass and artificial lawn behind the contest

When linked together business and sports , the sports competition becomes more and more complicated. The world's first sports football , the commercial impact of factors on sports events is beyond the ordinary imagination, especially in the world of football feast every four years the World Cup , has always been the brightest football world is not simply a hero honor and achievement the dream stage , but also a variety of forces and interests soccer chase fame circus.

When the World Cup in Germany to Italy and successfully ended the fourth cup , the fight for a whole month of players, fans and football practitioners , may be temporarily forgotten due to exhaustion and World Cup 64 games as intense but not necessarily all the wonderful World Cup behind competition. But what is certain is that those that occur during the World Cup of the little-known story behind , will in the future world of football and football related industries have a profound impact , and even about each football player , football practitioners future career direction. During the World Cup in Germany this summer , green grass soccer stage , it experienced a natural grass and artificial lawn behind the contest.

Perfect solution

There is no doubt that German football talent and organizational skills in this World Cup once again be fully demonstrated and affirmed. Not only the German national team achieved third place , and the organization of the World Cup to get high praise from the world , is considered to be the best ever held a session of the World Cup. Artificial lawn planted on the World Cup , the German World Cup organizing committee also expressed their usual rigorous scientific style.

As far as possible reflect the principle of fair play , so that each team are in the "same" under the conditions of competition venues , the FIFA World Cup in Germany requires all venues lawn not only to maintain a high level as the previous , like the World Cup , and the first time ever requires the tournament to be exactly the same turf quality , ie, all located in different climatic conditions in Germany 12 World Cup Stadium grass have to use the same formula, the same planting maintenance technology , the same mowing height and trim pattern, the same turf color, density , so this link from venue teams are the same for each fair. FIFA this requirement if placed in ordinary green lawn, it is very easy to do, because in the natural state, the different blocks in a certain area of lawn light, ventilation, drainage, external factors such as the growth of the lawn is not just the same, and very able to meet the lawn needs , just find a suitable turfgrass varieties can be completely "clone" of many of the same lawn. But in the World Cup Stadium, the situation becomes more complicated, because the German World Cup Stadium are covered , Yu shield high, not only lack of light , poor ventilation , high humidity stadium common problem , and different stadium construction structure is different , resulting in venues light, ventilation , temperature, humidity and other conditions vary considerably , a set of recipes and planting grass seed technology in the past, is basically impossible to adapt to all site conditions , so before the World Cup Stadium turf establishment often used different grasses respond to different combinations of site conditions . Different grass planting of artificial lawn quality is certainly not the same, the effect of competition naturally different .

In addition , the game boring, defensive play has been troubled by the prevalence of international football development problems , to make the game more exciting, more conducive to attack and easier to score, and successive FIFA World Cup Organizing Committee have brains, from the game rules , game ball , site conditions and other aspects of starting and hope to wonderful intense competition to attract fans and sponsors. To achieve these objectives , the FIFA World Cup in Germany in addition to all the requirements of 12 matches exactly the same course turf , but also requires the stadium lawn has fast speed , the ball rolling on the lawn faster , better flexibility , the so-called " fast grass " ," fast ball . " This will minimize the game due to errors caused by site conditions to ensure competitive and exciting game . Although this requirement is not so difficult to achieve before one , but the operation of the technical difficulty is not small, because the lawn has a faster speed to ensure high density factor is the lawn , trim lower , lawn good elasticity , but in insufficient light, ventilation is not Chang stadium as it is not easy.

To achieve these two goals , FIFA and their long-term lawn technical collaborators - the Netherlands, " one hundred green " company conducted a lot of research and, ultimately, to find a suitable grass and technical solutions. "Hundred green " companies, especially for the World Cup soccer tournament developed a special adaptation of lawn turf recipe , this recipe can be fully adapted to the stadium inadequate lighting and poor ventilation , high temperature and humidity unfavorable conditions , so in every World Cup Stadium are growing well. And this lawn density, thin blade of grass can be trimmed to 1 mm low resistance, stampede , with the carpet , the ball by friction is small, scrolling speed, flexibility, and will not change the direction of the athletes step up foot feeling very comfortable, meet FIFA requirements to improve the quality of the game . "Hundred green" this technology last year, also won a famous European Product Innovation Award , the Netherlands Ajax home team pioneered the use of this technology and be successful.

artificial turf repair and Updates

artificial turf repair and Updates

Smooth, beautiful lawns are parks, roads, gardens tapestry, but the lawn after a period of time after use, there will be many problems, such as alopecia areata or even entire lawn degradation. In these cases, in addition to improving lawn soil infrastructure, strengthening of water and fertilizer management, control weeds, pests and diseases, but also combines the local lawn repair and updates.

1 patch for alopecia areata alopecia areata can be used for lawn reseeding method, stolons spread vegetatively propagated planting method and the method to repair turf. Either way, they do not affect the use of lawn, turf quality can be guaranteed. Patches of alopecia areata program: the bald bare ground patches along the edge of the grass plants removed, pad into the fertile soil of 2-3 cm, pad thickness is slightly higher than the surrounding soil lawn soil, to prevent subsidence caused by pits, then leveling the ground, sowing, planting laying turf or asexual reproduction. During repair, the grass used to be consistent with the original grass, if you are using reseeding subject to prior law of seed treatment. After irrigated dry with a 0.2 to 0.3 tons of Gunzi compacted ground, making it as smooth with the surrounding lawn. The grass on the repair should be careful conservation, so as soon as possible consistent with the surrounding lawn.

(2) an update on the lawn serious degradation in two ways: gradually update applies to the degradation of the lawn under the shade of an update method can be used to update reseeding. In preparation for sowing work, give the lawn mower with a comb for combing the grass, and then sow grass seed.

Completely updated for other reasons due to pests or severely degraded lawns, such as organic layer is too thick, the soil surface texture uneven surface 3-5 cm soil severe compaction, lawn weed invasion by most other causes of perennial grass degradation. Perennial weeds overgrown in places, you should update the lawn before weeds with herbicides to get rid of, where herbicides used after treatment (herbicides kill all plants requires time) about two weeks you can re- the grass. In these degenerate lawn updated before the first formulate correct and feasible program plan, the appropriate choice of grass seed and planting time, and then use artificial turf machine clears or remove all plants within the site, and then measured soil physical properties and pH value, check the drainage and irrigation facilities, and then after disc harrow or artificial means to improve the look of soil compaction, you can re-seeded.

synthetic grass fibers that mimic the structure of natural grass plant morphology and color

synthetic grass fibers that mimic the structure of natural grass plant morphology and color. Advanced synthetic fiber has the ability to resist ultraviolet light, the special friction material provides unmatched resistance and durability. Compared with the natural turf easier to athletes into the best condition, and can be prolonged effect of high frequency of use, benefits far better than natural turf.

synthetic grass turf than natural economy. Natural turf in need of pruning, irrigation, fertilization and other routine maintenance, the service life of 2-4 years. Life of approximately 8 to 12 years, only periodically remove surface debris, sweeping uniform filler to make stem upright. In terms of durability, natural turf can withstand the intensity of use is limited, one week should not be held in five games over events, can only be used for extended encountered rain and snow. Natural turf is not suitable for too many non-competitive activities, such as large-scale public events. The synthetic grass can be used around the clock, there is no limit frequency of use, while also providing for baseball and other sports projects. Some of group events or large-scale exhibitions can also be organized on synthetic grass. After several generations of updates synthetic grass, herbaceous already comparable with natural grass. Italy Mondo synthetic grass filling system according to the unique and shoes soles grip level and controlled a squeeze, and produce safe grip force and soles fit, while its "spatial memory" performance is able to help quickly restore turf undisturbed, helps reduce exercise-induced fatigue.

before laying synthetic grass and synthetic grass turf production units together for quality inspection, checking the quality of the turf material, density and weaving is qualified to meet the requirements. A standard venue connection points can not be more than 30, Also, check whether the quality of the filler to meet environmental requirements. In the laying process, to use a special tool for trimming lawn according to specifications, the seam, will lap lawn cutting flush. Using synthetic grass sports venues special glue connections, joints should be no greater than 2 mm. When bonding temperature is not too low, the ambient temperature is above 10 ℃ should be selected construction is appropriate; Also not in the rain or Meiyu weather, construction, otherwise it will lead to prolonged and even cause the adhesive stick.

Learn artificial grass a few technical terms explained

Learn artificial grass a few technical terms explained

TurfSoccer you understand artificial grass with several professional phrases. Each industry, each product has its fixed jargon, artificial grass as well. Below we explain artificial grass for a few critical jargon:

1 line spacing, line spacing refers to the artificial grass knitting every ridge and the distance between each ridge, usually in inches, the average spacing is 3/4 inch, 3/8 inch, 5/8 inch, 5/16 in., 5/32 inches, and so, for example converted into metric units: 3/4 inch = 1.905 cm.

(2) woven from, woven from the artificial grass is the number of knitting needles of each ridge, which is the same as carpet weaving.

3 cluster density, cluster density is the number of stitches per square meter tufting. Easy way to calculate the cluster density to knitting needles from the 20/10 cm, for example, is calculated as follows:
Spaced every few meters of woven tufted Density at
3/4 inch = 1.905 cm 52.5 20,010,500
3/8 inch = 0.9525 cm 10520021000
5/8 inch = 1.5875 cm 6320012600
5/16 inch = 0.79375 cm 12620025200

4 fineness, fineness is 10,000 meters of each blade of grass yarn weight, calculated in units of g, the relative weight is heavier wire grass quality will be better.

5 bottom cloth, generally the base fabric into the bottom fabric layer, or layer, some of the base fabric layer of the base fabric in pp mesh layer underneath, this will effectively prevent breakage of the base fabric.

6 gum, gum is below the brush at the bottom layer of plastic, from the fixed wire grass, wire grass protection against rot base fabric and so on.

Level sports grass control methods

Level sports grass control methods

Level control method
       Will be handed over to the construction unit construction side of the grade level standard point point, arranged in the area near the site as a whole sports grass project level basis, taking fourth level of lead measured elevation cross sections to the construction within a more appropriate sides and medians where the level of the fixed point set point level II. Requires that the points on both sides of fabric line, two phases of not more than 100 meters is appropriate to set the elevation of the pile. When the measurement is carried out to the construction, the nearest point of the use of Class II, thus greatly improving the work efficiency and ensure the accuracy of measurement results.
Control Plane
       a. reviewing the transfer of control point is wrong.
       b. using the control point release center line of the construction control points.
       Earthwork excavation
       Respond venues compaction, when backfill backfill soil must meet the requirements, shall not contain impurities, organics. No backfill compaction roller can be directly used, construction methods and quality control can be carried out with reference to backfill compaction.
       1, square stratified filling, the thickness of each layer of loose laying with compaction machinery and methods vary, with vibrating roller compacted. Each layer of backfill density meet the requirements only after a layer of earth backfill.
       2, when the earthwork should cross the full width of filling up layer by layer into horizontal layers, each layer of filling, rolling 5  7 times, to achieve the required degree of compaction, and then fill in the floor.
       3, earth filling segment, as in the two junction is not filling the same time, first fill slope of the lot shall be 1,1 to stay level, if the two simultaneously filling should overlap each tower access whose lap length shall not be less than 2M. Finished surface should be smooth daily compaction, improve drainage measures, do not water.
       4, in the construction of prime soil compaction, attention should stay out of the site is not embedded rainwater pipes compacted, so as not to increase the workload of the pipe trench excavation.
       5, the base with heavy soil compaction standard hierarchical compaction test subject was measured, each degree of compaction shall comply with regulatory requirements.
       6, should be maintained during the construction site is always in good drainage condition and dig temporary sump to ensure that no water and from the construction site erosion damage, temporary drainage facility requirements combined with permanent facilities, taking care not affect the environment and other facilities.
       7, the filling process may not have boiling spring, peeling, waves and water and so on. Rainy season, the venue at 2 ‰ slope grading, drainage and prepare the surface layer, as far as possible will be done before rain ripper paving compaction is completed, otherwise it can return to work should be to restore moisture standard construction rolling.
       Earth backfill compaction phase, preferably in advance with the meteorological department to learn about recent changes in the weather conditions, do not touch the rainy day. Excavation control of both the excavation depth, non-super-dig and set elevation and slope excavation is completed using a vibrating roller compacted. If boiling phenomena, must all excavation mud, with the corner stone backfill. Overbreak strictly prohibited, and in the construction process to keep track of the depth, to find a good runway transverse slope and ditch drainage slope. Excavation of Yuni, side stone dump truck Sinotrans. RCC when lifted up from the lower rolling, rolling wheel tracks overlapping 20-30cm, with the pressure with a roller with watering can not afford at this stage until the waves rolling surface without wheel tracks so far.

artificial lawn - My Home & Garden America Yue warp

artificial lawn - My Home & Garden America Yue warp

Think of to get up the time, to see an verdant on the grass there are a few animals who cheerful play with, and my heart would be inexplicable of joy; think of the time of walk, the surround that green the green lawn, burst into Qing Chang even the birds is also chirp echoes , his face's smile respect of suddenly shake off out.

My favorite to see or the kids in the above playing when the the smiling faces of, like the a beautiful landscape painting, close your eyes, as if we tilting engraved inter-respect of came to the Hulun Buir prairie central, a few wild animal In the here frolicking, open eyes to open eyes, you only to find the original this is just the kids and their pets play with look like, they the smiling faces of seem to have magic the same as, it seems want to dragged me to go with play, and in this a lush green the soft grass upper, I long absence, felt the from the front hurried of life have lost really too much, I seem to see out of the window the sky li's white clouds looked at me and In the laugh, so I also and the kids laugh together, eventually being This an green use good mood wrapped up I .

Perhaps you yes and unbelieving, and but this is everything are true and. Because my family be regarded as compare wealthy family, Mom and Dad is also very pet me, a lot of as long as the is my idea desire, they always will help me achieve, even if it sometimes misalignment, just like this time I in the villa li the laying of artificial lawn, despite the indeed guarantee the villa li's garden activities, artificial lawn you can heighten the rockery surface of the water, the formation of scenic courtyard landscape, let people appreciate the one kinds the picturesque scenery of sensory experience, let us refreshing, state of mind open-minded, tell everyone these are not the I do not want to show off anything, just I am even more hope that we owns a there is quality of life.

I also like to use artificial lawn to decorate the house, and every time for a long time looking at computer screen after the always be able to In this a soft, Xiaocaohu the leaves li to get I gotta quiet, So I gotta imagine is not conscious of flew into the afar, however in an instant I came back, the original I still have that things were not finish the it, alarm clock Du has already Laicui me anymore. This is the morning tea of ​​the time, so I respect of carrying his milk and chip cookies sitting in covered with balcony's TurfSoccer artificial lawn, despite the in my heart it is already more than just an unreal of the lawn up, I always fast calm down, and then imagine the with clean white sheep in front of me the way you run, and then I it is so on the grass spent a happy every second of.

So leisurely mood away from us is not a distant, we always have unlimited troubles, which requires a by virtue of come digestion our negative's state of mind, which had to lift the artificial leisure lawn, one let you are at home get relaxed and happy mood things.

If you and I the same as, both to identified a artificial lawn the magical charm, So what exactly which to choose what kind of artificial lawn it, in the here I do not do any device with subjective color's recommendation. However, in the I am home is the TurfSoccer artificial lawn, a artificial lawn industry pioneer, specializing in the production for 20 years, very close to the natural grasses. To borrow artificial lawn for us to create a warm environment, for a change mood, a good to grasp the a better life moments.

Would like to In the mental and physical exhaustion when the breathe to breath of nature do? Would like to In the holiday early morning sunlight under the carrying his a cup of Starbucks's of coffee watching the azure blue sky do? In fact, these very easy to get, as long as you possess a beautiful mood.

synthetic turf landscaping greening purpose is not allowed to make oxygen

For road use synthetic turf dragon West issue, the reporter linked to the new North municipal green management, a staff member surnamed Tang accepted an interview with reporters, he said, "can be divided according to purpose sports turf, ornamental type, slope type 3, and is currently used in many sports bentgrass turf grasses, turf and ornamental uses Zoysia, repens, bermudagrass and other grasses, the cost difference between the grass is not large, with emphasis on conservation . "

"Now the grass on the sidewalk pavement, public friends to cut corners, save time, like from the grass goes through the middle, but now that resistance to trampling superior synthetic turf, but also to prevent turf damage." According to this work personnel, landscape lawn to beautify the environment, eco-friendly primary purpose, the public does not have the function of relaxing walks, long-term members of the public to be treading on the lawn, the lawn will inevitably lead to the death of vegetation, affect the overall landscape, turf management unit also from the people traffic management and protection costs, and visual effects to consider, not recommended for people trampled lawn.

Using synthetic turf that has no effect on the vegetation it? The staff member said that, synthetic turf landscaping greening purpose is not allowed to make oxygen, laying on the vegetation is absolutely no effect, for laying raised by netizens irregular phenomenon, saying that he would order the rectification, but the laying of synthetic turf is temporary and will not completely replace the traditional lawn.

Professional football Grass-S50254

Professional football Grass-S50254

Features:

1)Natural appearance with beautiful matte bi-color

2)Made of traditional flat grass fiber

3)Quite competitive price in the market

4)High cost performance

Specifications:

Pile height 20-65mm
Yarn weight 8800 Dtex
Yarn type PE / Fibrillated
Color         Field Green, Olive Green
Guarantee 6-8 years

This product information comes from TurfSoccer.

artificial turf Development has been gradually recognized

artificial turf Development has been gradually recognized

Currently, artificial turf has been well received by the school, organizational units, stadiums and other public places of all ages. Also, because the artificial turf carpet not only non-slip, dust, easy to clean, and the shape of real grass, a green feeling, now become a common upholstery, and get ordinary people's favorite, therefore, artificial turf market prospects are widely good, which is the domestic artificial turf manufacturers continue to emerge, the reason why the industry has developed rapidly.

artificial turf due to the use of chemical fiber materials, with durable, easy maintenance, and good surface uniformity, since the launch of the mid-1960s and has been favored by the market, especially suitable for surface flatness and uniformity requirements higher event. But it also has significant disadvantages, such as hardness, poor cushioning properties. Therefore, on the artificial turf and natural grass choice problems, has been in the sports venue managers, builders and related debate among scholars.

Construction costs made lawn Although there are many kinds of structures, construction methods also vary from place vary, but generally speaking, the basic structure can be summed up in three parts: the bottom is a base layer, an intermediate buffer layer, the above a lawn layer. Artificial turf base layer is the lowest level of the structure, usually by a dense layer of soil, gravel layer and asphalt concrete layer or layers.

The buffer layer is provided for cushioning shocks and design, it is usually composed of a compound of polyethylene closed cell foam, the thickness and composition of the buffer layer in a variety of large differences between the types of artificial turf; artificial turf of the lawn surface can be divided into produced in two ways: mosaic and woven, braided nylon woven grass, finished into mat, inlaid fiber length is longer and the lawn is larger changes.

In recent years, with the artificial turf in the manufacture of materials, weaving, and other aspects of the filler material and improve them with the difference between natural turf shrinking. In the 21st century, artificial turf use rationalize its use in international competitions has gradually been recognized. As FIFA President has decided, in 2010 FIFA World Cup South Africa on allowing the use of third-generation artificial turf.

British established two major research institutions to detect and improve the quality of synthetic grass sports.

British established two major research institutions to detect and improve the quality of synthetic grass sports. In previous studies, (Winterbottom, 1985; Baker & Bell, 1986) for 9 bears professional football natural turf, synthetic grass 13 and 18 of the synthetic grass is used for testing the performance of motion detection, and thus made a series of national, regional and local turf quality evaluation criteria. The next study (Baker, 1989,1990), for the six natural grass in different weather and trampling damage cases were measured five times as Football League Committee on the golf course as part of the evaluation of the quality, is compared with another six man-made course. In these studies concluded that: between natural turf and synthetic grass in spring rate, the sliding friction properties, sliding distance and shock absorption capacity there are big differences, overall it seems synthetic grass has a faster than natural grass ball speed and a higher hardness. In addition to the third generation synthetic grass 7 also conducted with the same measurement. The results show that the physical characteristics of natural grass with the measured time and the performance of the different measurement regions are some differences.

Sw Baker and AR Woollacott on synthetic grass lawns with high-quality natural objective assessment. They assume professional football eight natural turf pitch at different times in each season for three observations, observation projects have the ball and stadium surface interactions (including ball bounce rate, rolling distance and its rate change) and athletes the reaction mass stadium (sliding friction properties, surface hardness and shock absorption, cushioning ability). synthetic grass bounce rate varied between 42-50%, the rolling distance of 5.4-9.9m between the sliding friction in the range of 37-60 N, the surface hardness of between 108-168Gmax.

this artificial grass pitch will be used for football and cricket matches

Peter Mokaba Stadium

Peter Mokaba Stadium in South Africa Paul Guagni city, which can accommodate 46,000 people, is a professional football field. Stadium design inspired by local baobab tree, the stadium open on three sides, the other side by a steel structure consisting of "dry" supporting the entire roof plane, is expected Mokaba Stadium at Paul Guagni city center is just 5 km away, is ideal for spectators.

Now artificial grass pitch next to a smaller stadium, and that is the old Peter Mokaba. People were making a decision - compared to renovate the old stadium, newly built stadium is more suitable for the 2010 World Cup, which also made the whole surrounding area became Peter Mokaba Sports Facilities Group.

Peter Mokaba Stadium in South Africa has an important place in history, it is a country who oppose the apartheid regime fight fighter Peter Mokaba named. Mokaba was born in Polokwane (formerly Pietersburg), with his famous fighting spirit and leadership skills.

During the 2010 World Cup in South Africa, Greece, Argentina, Paraguay, New Zealand, Algeria, Slovenia, France and Mexico will be in the new stadium for their artistic group stage.

Mbombela Stadium

Mbombela Stadium in South Africa (Nelspruit) City Stadium is a sunken stadium is divided into three layers, the lower the audience 21,000 people, the middle box floor, with 3,500 seats, the upper can accommodate 19,000 people , totaling 43,500 people. Stadium design fully shows the African features for supporting Mbombela stadium roof 18 roof trusses, shaped like a giraffe, and stadium seating colors were painted with zebra stripes color. In addition, a Mbombela Stadium, there are many thoughtful design, bowl-shaped structure can guarantee that everyone has a good viewing audience, and translucent roof area reached 22,500 square meters, will cover 95% of the seats, This not only ensures that the sun, but also to ensure ventilation, and also avoid noise nuisance.

Venue for the standard artificial grass football field, size 105 m long and 68 m wide. For football is 100 meters long and 79 meters wide. Site illumination 2000Lx.

2010 during the World Cup in South Africa, there will be four games held in this: Honduras VS Chile, Italy VS New Zealand, Australia VS Serbia, Korea VS Côte d'Ivoire.

Mbombela Stadium is a city where the young city, founded in 1905, located in the northeastern part of South Africa, Mpumalanga, is the capital of the province, with the football culture compared to the developed Limpopo , Mpumalanga sports development is lagging behind, precisely for this reason, the South African Football Association on the part of the Government agreed after discussion, decided in Mpumalanga Nelspruit political and cultural center of the city to build a stadium, October 2009, Mbombela Stadium was officially completed, he also became huge Mpumalanga only a large stadium. The stadium built in the open area west, about 6 km from the city center. World Cup will no doubt leave this city rich sporting heritage. According to the municipal government of the mind, in the end after the World Cup organizing, this artificial grass pitch will be used for football and cricket matches.

the European Champions Cup, UEFA Cup matches can also be performed on the artificial grass

artificial grass emerge from decades of experience has been in the world. The original artificial grass is not designed for the football, but the game will have a great impact and change. The purpose of artificial grass developed to overcome some of the limitations of natural turf, international federation did not consider the use of high-quality artificial grass soccer match venue.

artificial grass used in many different types of venues, such as the athletics track, football field, tennis courts, baseball field, hockey rink, doors courts, basketball courts, badminton courts, a golf course, softball field, etc., and games, middle schools, fitness entertainment, etc. Comprehensive event space.

But as manufacturers began to develop specifically for football artificial grass, artificial grass is used for a dramatic breakthrough, the latest generation of artificial grass is the basic method of manufacturing a fiber mixture resembles grass in the sand and adhesions or preparation or the backing rubber particles. After ten years of development, artificial grass of increasingly high quality, good artificial grass in the visual and performance has been basically the same football field with natural grass, and all-weather, frequent use, it requires careful maintenance compared to natural turf football field advantage. Made of high quality lawn with anti-static effect, no scratches, feel comfortable, good flexibility and toughness advantages.

From 2005 to 2006 season, the European football federation has decided to allow its game on the artificial grass. Since the introduction of this decision, the European Champions Cup, UEFA Cup matches can also be performed on the artificial grass. Meanwhile, the International Football Federation (FIFA) has announced the 2006 World Cup qualifiers in the artificial grass on. However, the International Football Federation (FIFA) requirements, artificial grass on the game should be announced two months in advance, and allows visitors on artificial grass training at least twice.

International Football Federation (FIFA) and the European football union inverted (UEFA) are made of high quality accredited lawn can be used in addition to the World Cup finals out of the loop for various grades of the regular game (see Table 34), so many of the top football clubs decided to use the high-quality The artificial grass football field.

Early spring and late fall soil pp repression in sports grass rake to Wu Chi layer should casing.

Early spring and late fall soil pp repression in sports grass rake to Wu Chi layer should casing. Filling soil should be the same as the original, but also to fill 100% of the sand, filling amount should generally be 20% higher than the calculated volume. After casing suitably 1000 - 500kg heavy roller compacted. Depressions should be trimmed grass after each successive filling repression, to the field leveled so far.

Pp ventilation holes formed when the turf to promote sports grass grass growth and improve nutrition floor drainage conditions laid ventilation should be regularly perforated or pierced improvements. Punch or cut should be in early spring or late winter, solid punch Cone Length 10 - 15cm, diameter 1.3cm. Number of holes per square less than 100. Excessive trampling sports grass field in spring soil moisture should be for 3 - 6 times a punch or two - in sports grass reseeding ppp or generate bald Ban sparse vegetation should be timely replant. Replant available and complement sod seeding method. During the growing season, the most frequent place in the movement to 4 - 10g / m² seeding rate for sowing, sowing best complement the same with the original species, germination process before reseeding. Should first mowing, then topsoil harrowing, thin soil cover after planting (0.3 - 0.5cm), then repression (once after sowing, germination, with the first spring of the second year after pruning and repression were also once) . A skin above the plane 0.6cm, fill in the blank with a 1:1 peat sand. For 2 - 3 weeks moist crackdown.

Chubing pppsports grass timely pest control chemical control of fungal disease, should be regularly sprayed A frost copper, mercury chloride, mercury chloride, malachite green, etc. to control fungal disease p. Mercury salts dosage 42--84g/100 square meters, in the autumn and winter for 1 - 2 times. 3 parts of ammonium sulfate + calcined ferric 1 + 10-20 parts dry inert sand prepared toxic soil. In the soil moist, warm weather wet grass with dew when thrown into sports grass, sports grass can prevent mosses, can be carried out throughout the year. In addition, a year for 1 - 2 times in sports grass early on Pensha agent.

sports grass management pp various conservation and management measures should be primary according to the season, grass, and tie in sports grass conditions.

Management ppp tournament before after the first 5 - 10 days respond sports grass field integrated conservation management (fertilization, irrigation, pruning), so that sports grass in excellent condition. Game should have a hard and dry surface, so before the game 24 - 48h irrigation should cease within. After the game should be and cleared, except for irrigation, pruning, fertilizer supplement, but should pay attention to repair damaged p plots and repression.

it is expected that on Miami sports grass venue alterations will be started on schedule

Recently, the owner of the Miami Masters and organizers IMG announced after the end of the tournament in 2014, a race sports grass venue renovation and expansion plan to increase the two stadiums to accommodate the audience will increase the number of3000-6000. According to German media reports, the Miami Masters each year for the local staggering income of more than $ 86 million U.S. dollars.

Miami Masters belong to the International Association of Tennis Professionals under the nine Masters 1000 one of the earliest founded in 1987, was named as Sony - Ericsson Open. Its owners and organizers IMG, a leading sports and entertainment management and marketing company to a leadership position on a global scale. , In accordance with its published Miami Masters will begin its expansion plans after the end of the next year's event. This program by IMG all costs, will invest a total of $ 50 million to build two sports grass venues in the contest Crandon Park Tennis Center, Key Biscayne, Miami, to accommodate the increase in the number of viewers 3000-6000.

In Biscayne Bay, Miami Masters ownership of the venue is part of the local Miami - Dade County, the county has veto power on the conversion program. But, according to IMG, the county has agreed to a 72% conversion program. Therefore, it is expected that on Miami sports grass venue alterations will be started on schedule.

According to the German World Tennis Net Miami Masters revenue annually for local revenue, including tourism, advertising and other surrounding various commodities, activities, more than 300 million $ 86 million. For example, this year's Miami Masters, attracted kings of the three tennis Nadal Djokovic, Federer and Murray to participate, so the game during the Miami frequently appear in the sports news from around the world, for enhancing local fame attract more tourists, attracting advertisers, an immeasurable influence. The Miami Masters manager Adam - Barrett announced for the expansion project, it is very exciting, he stressed that the expansion will bring great development to the tournament, will be a local event, promoted to second only to the Grand Slam game.

sports grass research history

sports grass research history

1, foreign

With the increasing development of of Sports Grass use in gardening, sports grass research carried out simultaneously, while the real system to carry out sports grass research, is U.S. Oort from 1885, the contents of the study is the breeding of excellent sports Grass grasses. About 500 strains selected from a number of individuals, and certainly the best varieties of the the Agrostis the Ying genus and Festuca. Subsequently, in 1890, the University of Rhode Island in the United States Sports GRASS of research, much has been achieved. Golf Course sports grass then establish technology research, has played a positive role in promoting the development of the Sports grass science and sports grass technology, always due to the golf course sports grass improved technology development and practical research, leading international sports grass research institutions Establishment and research work. The golf sports Grass represent Sports Grass cultivate the highest level.

2, the domestic

Since the 1950s, the country began a more systematic sports grass work. Main achievements are:

a promotion by the Chinese Academy of Sciences Mr. Hu Shuliang wide buffalo grass surface on the inside and outside of the Great Wall;

Gansu Grassland Ecological Research Institute built a large area of ​​sports Grass in 1984 live in Cold sports grass grass soccer field;

c Gansu Grassland Ecological Research Institute in 1990, the successful completion of the 11th Asian Games athletics field sports grass;

Gansu Grassland Ecological Research Institute and Shanghai Century Park jointly carry out sports GRASS vegetation with production technology, developed non-woven the sports grass vegetation with a, and gauze sports grass vegetation zone and made ​​some benefit;

e Department of Gansu agricultural prairie developed successful vegetation paper technology popularization and application, and has been in production.

the Chinese Super synthetic turf have changed for the better quality of cool-season grass

Currently in the country in addition to Jianye, only a handful of TEDA, the club has its own golf course, 90% of the club is to finish the race to rent the stadium. Each city stadium, but state-owned resources, costs tension causes of the management and maintenance can not keep up the pace. Tiantai Stadium, formerly known as Qingdao Stadium, after the transformation, it has not been regarded as a "super number one vegetable", the Chinese Super synthetic turf have changed for the better quality of cool-season grass, and the grass is still cheaper foreign warm season grasses. In addition, since the stadium often alopecia areata, the Synthetic Turf year maintenance fee will be 400,000 yuan, the financial constraints Tiantai Stadium maintenance lack technique, the club can certainly not no reason for the government funded maintenance of synthetic turf . This season, facing the crisis was canceled in Tiantai Stadium, the club wants to contribute 30 million rebuilt Etsong Stadium as their home, but the same is attributable to the issue after the court and the government has different views is denied.

In addition to professional golf course in addition to excellent choice of grass, with professional conservation facilities, but also strictly control the frequency of use of the grass. Super League stadium not only to give the team services, but also by assuming the concert, enterprise Games operating income-generating synthetic turf is a great destruction. The first round last season Chengdu Blades Super suffered the pain of the "vegetable", the adult center over the past ten years held numerous A A Super held died preliminaries, the synthetic turf conditions in the domestic first-class, but because of The 2010 season of the venue, only to play a super race, most of the time is occupied by a variety of activities and performances, synthetic turf severely damaged, many players with emotion, "away to laugh at someone else's home vegetable plot, we also standard vegetable. "

Five leagues in Europe, many of the venues are specifically for a club service, shall not take over other activities in the game intermittently. The reason why these stadium every effort to ensure the Synthetic turf quality, mainly due to the market rent is paid by the club sufficient to ensure that the stadium maintenance. China stadium bear heavy pressure on the operation, the only stadium in disregard of the interests of the football team, keen on-hiring contract theatrical performances, the market dictates. Jay Chou concert held on September 30, 2011 Golden State Stadium, with a minimum fare of 280 yuan, Shide home games podium near the most expensive fare was 60 yuan, the field rent a football game several times as much, selling ultra-expensive fare, "rake", who does not rush? After the concert a lot of synthetic turf destruction, and after maintenance carried out to very place. 15 days Shide frustration against the Shaanxi and, we can imagine, the two teams are suffering from "vegetable" potholes, injured players in the game. 2003 Shide used to Dalian vice mayor in charge of the sports to write a letter, request Sun Nan concert changed in other places rather than at the Dalian Municipal Stadium, the result is a by Sun Nan concert in singing is not missed.

artificial lawn management of golf and pitch

artificial lawn management of golf and pitch

Golf is Green, Oxygen, Light Feet four-abbreviation of the word, that is green, oxygen, sunlight, walking, marching green grass, breathing the fresh air, with the sun, walked the movement of vigorous walking, A modern health medicine advocate green health movement. That golf was born in 14th century Scotland, in a foreign country more than 500 years of history, China's first golf was born in 1896 in Shanghai. With the rapid economic development of golf in the 1960s and 1980s, the rapid development of the United States there are over 20,000 golf course, Japan has more than 2,000, more than 4,000 in Europe and the new China was built until 1984 The first golf Guangdong Zhongshan Hot Spring Golf Club, in 1985, the establishment of the China Golf Association, our country the Golf be considered into the real stage of development. Through nearly 20 years of development, mainland China has more than 220 golf courses (more than 9 holes), golf course turf management employing more than 2,000 people, but compared with the United States, Japan, Europe in the number of big difference, indicating Golf empty foot in our country there is a great development. One of the world's golfers have more than 50 million people, with an annual output value of 900 billion dollars, and its output value is increasing with the increase of the total economy. The game of golf is advocated by people's health movement, and is a personal sports center challenges stunning natural movement, with great development potential.

Pasture lawn is the lifeblood of the sport of golf, golf course turf management directly affect the success or failure of the stadium whether the normal operational and economic benefits, a good golf course management science not only to attract a large number of players to bring good business for the stadium, but also for the stadium to create good reputation, to improve the visibility of the stadium.

With the rapid economic development, the rapid development of China's golf, golf course design, construction and management industry, however, is seriously lagging behind, especially in management, not only the lack of talent, but also a serious shortage of funds invested (According to reports, the United States every year for the conservation and management investment of U.S. $ 70-90 billion), most of the golf course turf management at a low level. Especially in lawn maintenance and water conservation, including the effective use of the golf course irrigation water quality standard, fertilization and fertilizer, pest control products did not follow the norms and national standards, resulting in the game of golf just rise in China that people were opposed to environmental issues is the most important reason, if these problems are not to be taken seriously and resolved, will be seriously hampered the development of golf in China.

artificial grass exhibition is both a market display of the forms of economic exchange

artificial grass exhibition is both a market display of the forms of economic exchange. In ancient times, it was in the economic exchanges played an important role; In modern times, it is still in many ways to play a role, including macro-economic, social role and micro enterprise marketing role. artificial grass exhibition is a form of economic exchange (circulation), artificial grass exhibition was the main channel of human economic exchange is now one of the important channels, artificial grass exhibition to participate in China's economic activities, act as an important role in the field of distribution and information currently has become an important commodity market, technology market, the introduction of market and capital market.

Artificial grass exhibition to visit, most are looking for new opportunities, new products, there is a strong purpose. Rather than reading professional journals, as most of passively receiving advertising information. Exhibitors can exchange timely and customer feedback on their own exhibits and companies.

Generally believed that the exhibition will bring you the following benefits: to participate in the artificial grass: to visit artificial grass exhibition can maintain sync with the latest technology innovation of the audience, you the technical aspects of topics in the field to obtain the answer. Artificial grass exhibition, face-to-face with buyers or buyers to communicate directly to understand their needs, strategies and trends. artificial grass exhibition is a three-dimensional advertising, can enhance buyers of products, services, understand, easy to accept the corporate and product publicity.

Many people underestimate the importance of pruning artificial turf.

The turfgrass pruning principle: the trim is the most basic all turf management measures in one of the measures. Pruning is to remove part of the growth of stems and leaves. Under certain conditions, the trim can be maintained turfgrass grown under a certain height, increased tillering, and promote the development of the horizontal stolons and rhizomes, increase turf density, narrows the lawn grass blades, lawn ornamental and movement. Restrictions are not anti-manicured weed growth, to suppress turfgrass reproductive growth.

However, it is important to turfgrass do not like pruning, but can tolerate pruning. Sometimes see the manicured lawn grass is very beautiful, healthy, often mistaken for pruning good turfgrass actually trim the lawn grass is a stress. The trimmed the monoclonal lawn grass on the physiological and morphological and turfgrass community ecology have a greater impact. It can cause the blade root growth was suspended, cut turfgrass photosynthesis, reducing of turfgrass carbohydrate production and accumulation, thus affecting the other functions of the lawn grass. Trim leaves left wound pathogenic microorganisms to create invasion opportunities. A short period of time to increase the moisture loss of the blade tip portion, affect the roots of water absorption. But do not forget, lawn grass is grass domesticated from itself has the characteristics of anti-herbivore grazing; lawn grass trim antibiotics, but pruning is a modern form of grazing.

Turfgrass ability pruning is mainly due to the the turfgrass Asian apical meristem and from the stem base, horizontal internodes develop new plants. There are at least 10,000 kinds of grasses, less than 50 species can endure continuous pruning. These plants by increasing the density below the mowing height to compensate for the loss of part of the blade. The greater the density, the more green plant tissue to produce the desired plant carbohydrate.

Many people underestimate the importance of pruning artificial turf. A mowing height is moderate, trim timely lawn, weeds, pests and diseases with a strong resistance, bright green colors and robust lawn. Pruning is not timely, often leads to too many one-time trim grass, which will ultimately enable the lawn becomes sparse, and the plaque is obvious, even burns symptoms.

The lawn surface temperature of the different irrigation

The lawn surface temperature of the different irrigation

Relative to the cool season turf grass, warm - C4 turfgrass can be resistant to high temperature. Recently, however, the central and eastern United States was very hot. Many parts of the temperature history. High temperature and drought brought a lot of lawn to manage stress. Low maintenance lawn without irrigation death of large areas of degraded and lawn. Figure 2 shows a serious degradation after more than seven days of continuous high temperature, no watering lawns.

We tested the surface temperature of the Bermuda grass in the different local environment. The shade as well as irrigation of the existence of a great influence on the lawn surface temperature. In different parts of the same piece of lawn may appear a difference of 10-20 degrees. The following table shows the surface temperature of a grassland in northeastern Arkansas and near the road. Compared in Table I, Table II, we found that irrigated lawn, the bermudagrass turf grass stems and leaves and roots in the optimum growth temperature longer for lawn security is very important to spend summer adversities. Courtyard lawns and sports playground, irrigation can reduce the the lawn surface temperature, for lawn on human or animal health is also very important.

Synthetic grass occupies an indispensable position in our landscape planning and design.

the development of the synthetic grass industry

1: the state of development of the foreign turf industry

From the early 20th century, the rapid development of the cause of international lawn. At present, the United States, Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Canada, Denmark, Belgium, New Zealand, Australia, Japan and other countries, the urban green coverage rate of bare land in more than 80%, higher than 90%. 1970s, lawn production has been greater development In 1969, the international lawn Association was established and held the first in the UK sports turf Institute Colloquium on the lawn, and decided to be held once every four years. A series of lawn Conference convened, marking the development of modern synthetic grass career on a global scale. Since then, some of the techniques developed countries have established a lawn research institutions. Research on the lawn done a lot of systems, played an important role in promoting the development of the turf industry.

2, the domestic turf industry development

The turf industry in China started late, With the further development of the turf industry, turf industry in China will be developed Western countries, our independence and complete major construction industry and export industry. In recent years, the construction of China's urban lawns are gaining in importance. Such as Beijing, Shenyang, Tianjin and other northern cities, to improve the loess-filled environment, launched a large-scale grass and activities of the masses. At present, the the lawn industry with its own versatility and a significant social, ecological, economic benefits in a market economy to become a huge industrial potential. Synthetic grass occupies an indispensable position in our landscape planning and design. The lawn is not only used in homes, schools, parks, streets and other green, also the rapid development of highway slope, airports, military installations camouflage protection, reservoirs and the protection of soil and water conservation lawn. In many cities of Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen and other turf industry has developed very quickly in the past five years, an annual increase of more than 10% of the lawn area.

sports grass football venue management

sports grass football venue management

As the saying goes: one-third of cultivation, seven conservation. Sports grass management is good or bad, determine the success or failure of the turf establishment, the lawn day-to-day management mainly includes the following aspects:

1) Irrigation: a variety of turf establishment into the conservation and management phase, should be promptly after sowing, irrigation, ground movement can be used, fixed underground sprinkler irrigation. Sufficient water supply is to ensure that the key to the success of floor space. Seedling stage to ensure adequate moisture, new turf establishment process is not timely irrigation is one of the important reason for failure of floor space. Mature lawn irrigation, the main consideration should be given to the irrigation time, irrigation and soil properties, and high temperature in summer season, the lawn irrigation should be avoided at noon or in the evening, to prevent diseases caused due to high temperature lawn hazards.

2) Trim: Trim planting high-quality lawn important measure of its basic principles is to cut the total height of 1/3, first trim the lawn grow to about 7cm, timely pruning for new lawn, to promote a lawn tiller and increase turf density. Mature lawn before turning green trim, can promote advance green lawn, the proper use of lawn dwarf agent, can reduce the number of lawn and promote tillering, increase turf density, improve stress resistance of the lawn. When the lawn by unfavorable factors stress, an appropriate increase in the lawn mowing height to improve the resistance of the turf grass. The lawn quality depends on the type of lawnmower, pruning, pruning time.

3) dressing: dressing for turf management, irrigation, pruning is also important. Lawn growing season to application of phosphorus, potash-based. Because the use of nitrogen fertilizer will promote lawn stems and leaves grow rapidly, leading to the lawn heat resistance, early, cold and reduce resistance to trampling. Thus in the hot and humid season to avoid nitrogen, potash-based.

4) Weed control: lawn weed control involves a wider area, including the occurrence of weeds, the use of pesticides, lawn management measures and other aspects of comprehensive prevention measures. Combined with China is a large agricultural country, long-term use of herbicides on weed controlling the weeds resistant to the herbicide. The rapid expansion and spread of resistant weed populations for chemical anti-hoe as the main integrated weed management measures proposed are not new issues. Therefore, the control of weeds in the lawn has become one of the main problems in the management of turf establishment. Law based on the occurrence of weeds, control of weeds in the lawn is the best way biocontrol by the appropriate choice of grass mixed portfolio, the best sowing period, avoiding the high incidence of weeds, a reasonable car floor the management of water and fertilizer to increase the frequency of pruning, to promote the growth of turfgrass, enhanced ability to compete with weeds, and suppress the occurrence of weeds.

5) Pest control: Pest control Lawn Maintenance Management occupies an important position, turf managers should arouse enough attention. The lawn should have the right conditions to normal growth and development, breed. Lawn by inappropriate environmental conditions, or by other pest infestation, you can not carry out normal growth and development, into a piece of lawn cause death if the disease is severe. Lawn diseases CAUSE, on the one hand, is caused by unsuitable environmental conditions, referred to as non-infectious diseases, also known as the physiological diseases; on the other hand, is caused by other pest infestation, known as infectious diseases.

People say synthetic turf golf course is the concentrated expression of all kinds of different types of grass in the lawn industry

Introduction to golf course turf

Lawn area of ​​the golf course greens, tees, fairways, high rough. Green lawn used to refer to the ball just 3 mm high, dense texture, elastic, like a carpet. People say synthetic turf golf course is the concentrated expression of all kinds of different types of grass in the lawn industry, is known to be the highest state in the turf industry. This is because of the golf course, there are different uses of the place, if Ridge, tees; different terrain, terrain, and thus the requirements of its grass is the most stringent and most demanding. The grass of the golf course is just a prostrate creeping bentgrass, such as "regent" and bermudagrass. Can be used to kick-off the tee and hitting fairway lawn types of bluegrass, bentgrass, zoysiagrass, bermudagrass, centipedegrass grass, tall grass area than ordinary lawn.

General interest in the golf course in the foothills of the gentle slope of the open lawn. Should waters and Saiki, shrubs dotted Stadium ground 60hm2, the venue of the 18 ball tune (ball tuning believers should be 18 1/2, 1, 2, etc.). Each course to include four parts, service area, the ball go area, a putting green, and a hazard. The length of a standard course (18 holes) 5943.6m-6400.8m. Each hole venue should be end to end, that is, a putting green of the hole venues connected with the service area of ​​another site, this is golf course design principles specific to each pitch different styles.

Teeing (Tee): kick-off with a base floor. Generally between the ground and kick-off the stage with two spherical markers, 5 yards away (5.57M). Kick-off line between the markers left lane, each tee has forced all the kick-off line, high hole tee line, known as the "champion" kick-off line, the middle of the other players, the front the kick-off line for female athletes. Serve the shape of a generally rectangular or similar rectangular.

Tee area of ​​approximately 9.29m2, a variety of shapes, such as from the shape, square, semi-circular, round, S-shaped, U-shaped and L-shaped. But the most commonly used one is from the shape from the shape easy to build and easy to maintenance and management. Standard golf course tee is from the shape. The general location of the tees are high, a good line of sight.

Tee grass options:
Boreal, temperate: Kentucky bluegrass;
Transition zone: Zoysia grass, Kentucky bluegrass, mowing height of about 1.9cm;
Tropical and subtropical: bermudagrass, Zoysia japonica, Zoysia tenuifolia, seashore paspalum (saline heavy region), mowing height about 1.3cm.

it will promote China artificial lawn industry in a healthy direction

Also modified in early 2009 and the introduction of new standards, more stringent requirements on the performance of the artificial lawn football grass. The support and under the influence of FIFA (FIFA), the performance of the artificial lawn in different regions, especially in developing countries has been greatly improved.

artificial lawn products in the area of environmental protection is also growing public concern, the German standard DIN test is widely used in the testing of artificial lawn. U.S. lead content requirements are particularly sensitive to environmental or health institutions the introduction of standard, clear on artificial lawn products lead content requirements in Europe, Australia and other regions have begun to pay attention to these indicators.

Artificial lawn industry norms, the impact of the testing organizations play an important role, to the The Artificial lawn venue owners and users to provide a more transparent and measurable indicators, to the establishment of a fair and mature industry standard system and market competition order .

In fact, for the owners of units selected the FIFA site certification as a supplier, usually quality and service will be fully protected, it will promote China artificial lawn industry in a healthy direction.

artificial grass football field life is generally between 10-15 years

Management of conservation
1, artificial grass
artificial grass soccer field construction period is very short, generally two weeks can be completed and put into use the basic need to maintain, prevent human vandalism on the line.

2, natural lawn
Natural turf football field after planting is necessary conservation of three to four months to see the green lawn, in order to put into use. Put into use but also someone conservation, regular watering, fertilizing, pruning, but also to prevent pest and rodent post-conservation is extremely expensive, but also by the impact of temperature, weather, soil is large, it is difficult to conservation. Easily in the course of partial destruction, require frequent replanting, replant.

Service life and efficiency in the use of
1, artificial grass
artificial grass football field life is generally between 10-15 years, in the course largely unaffected by the impact of climate, weather, even under heavy rain, 20 to 30 minutes to drain the rain put into use. Use efficiency is very high, especially in schools, students can anytime, anywhere in the above activities, without time limit.

2, natural lawn
Natural turf soccer life will not be very long, many schools three or four years to grow natural grass can not see the grass, the left bare soil field. Even if there is a natural turf soccer field of the professional conservation professional football club life, but five or six years, usually five or six years to be replaced once the new turf. Use efficiency is low, foreign well-known football club stadium week generally can use 2-3 times, very good. Domestic use on golf courses are less efficient, generally one month in advance to stop the use of concentrate conservation to undertake a regular game. And dump in the northern transform whenever the winter season when you want to stop using it for a long time, If we allow every day to play in the above, the estimated time left bare.

and completed the integration of upstream and downstream of the wire grass and artificial turf

Beijing time on May 16, 2011 China International Sporting Goods Show in Chengdu ended.The current body Bo, one of the highlights of the venues Hall the TurfSoccer the efforts made in promoting domestic venues industry standardization direction. On the afternoon of May 13, FIFA (FIFA), the largest artificial turf manufacturer TurfSoccer together on how to promote the FIFA quality concept in the promotion of the domestic market, salon-style interviews, the the FIFA officials Johannes Holzmüller, and TurfSoccer general manager attended the activities, the question is intended to promote the healthy development of Chinese sports artificial turf market, in order to jointly contribute to the synchronous integration of the artificial turf market and the international market.

"FIFA soccer turf quality standards for the global soccer turf since 2001 to provide quality assurance. The FIFA certified soccer turf is the ideal substitute for natural grass. Since 2004, FIFA has adopted two different quality logo: for amateur football and grassroots football, "FIFA Recommended 1 Star stringent standards, and designed to achieve the highest requirements for elite football" FIFA Recommended 2 Star standard . FIFA certified turf is durable, low maintenance requirements, and do not have to make any transformation to build throughout the year can be used to organize a variety of events and activities. In addition, their high utilization, high return on investment. At present, TurfSoccer in the world, nine FIFA recognized venue, Lisport abrasion testers have completed the first 1000 copies of test reports - these figures is second to none in the domestic counterparts.

As an internationally renowned brand, TurfSoccer has become a key supplier in the European market, to occupy the high-end market in this industry in the Chinese market sales for six consecutive years, and completed the integration of upstream and downstream of the wire grass and artificial turf, a fiber blanket integrated enterprises with wire grass and lawn production and R & D capabilities.

Several common use of synthetic grass

Several common use of synthetic grass

synthetic grass since the birth of the current, by virtue of its own pavement easy maintenance, strong weather resistance characteristics, such as years of often use throughout. Now, science and technology in the growth of research and development of synthetic grass skills are constantly progress, people are trying to promoted the quality of synthetic grass with natural grass, but also in other aspects beyond the natural lawn. According to acquaintances, synthetic grass, like usual, has the following purposes:

1 Sitting with synthetic grass: available to be open for people to enter the rest, with walks, games and other outdoor activities. As usual selection leaves fine, toughness, resistance to the kind of stampede.

Ask to play with synthetic grass: as usual selection of colors green uniform, fine shapely species of leaf.

3 activities with synthetic grass: Such types of synthetic grass more, as usual mesh layout, containing fill material, pedaling resistance, with buffer protection performance. Made of natural grass, artificial grass he took oxygen efficacy, but also some solid soil sand prevention efficacy, synthetic grass system fall protective effect is stronger than natural turf, the climate, and the use of long service life, so a small amount for the laying of the football field activities such as garden.

As the quality of the performance of the artificial turf is getting better and better, is bound to be more and more throughout the use.

Usually we are talking about synthetic turf can refer to the synthetic turf industry

Often heard said plants and landscape, two What difference does it make? We take the example, synthetic turf, synthetic turf landscape two completely dissimilar generous concept, synthetic turf that is one thing, the synthetic turf landscape refers to a whole, is established in the above synthetic turf a whole.

Usually we are talking about synthetic turf can refer to the synthetic turf industry, a certain type of plant or synthetic turf industry, for example, the simulation of coconut trees, Simulation palmitic. Synthetic turf landscape into the design concept in which, through integration into the landscape, as well as aesthetic philosophy, through the synthetic turf reflected, to form a whole. Vivid When the simulation as a tree, and the synthetic turf landscape is the entire forest, the forest contains something more, there is a wide range of the number of flowers, grass.

In fact, the relationship between the synthetic turf and synthetic turf landscape, vivid metaphor of a tree with the forest. With the above introduction, surely we have to understand that need advice, you can contact us, the first time to answer your questions.

artificial lawn industry the second largest golf course of the development of space

Sports venues to provide for the development of artificial lawn industry the second largest golf course of the development of space is a "big" turf stadium. An 18-hole golf course requires 30-40 million square meters of lawn. China in 1994-1996 (our 1984 built the first golf course), 2-3 golf course built each year, built around 20 a year in 1996 and 1999, the current total number of more than 200 golf is shifted from "nobility enjoy civilian consumption. Compared with the golf, football, even more civilians, their popularity is very high. The national turf soccer Asian Games previously less than 10, in 2001 over 2000, the annual growth rate in recent years, the number of lot. Nationwide emphasis on education, the school playground building into a larger lawn needs. Lawn venues other sports such as lawn tennis are also quietly rising.

The artificial lawn conservation turf industry's third-largest national space lawn area conservative estimate of 300 million square meters, the annual lawn maintenance market is a several billion dollars of the "big cake". , Garden maintenance garden departments at all levels should have an enormous amount of capitation expenses each year. Some sources say that Beijing near the garden maintenance market, freedom tender. Shanghai is expected to be the first to achieve conservation tender. Shenzhen garden maintenance already put in the market. The national lawn maintenance market will gradually open the door to the enterprise.

production of artificial lawn and planting is also driven by a series of industrial machinery, irrigation equipment, fertilizers and pharmaceutical development. A golf course is the most basic of lawn equipment in more than 10 million yuan, the football field at 10 million yuan, showing that large in its market. These devices rely mainly on imports. Have some companies during the attempt, some production of organic lawn fertilizer, some production of turf machinery, although the quality is a bit weak, but there is a price advantage. Is expected that in the future there will be great progress in the lawn fertilizer and pharmaceutical, due to the backwardness of the core technology, machinery and equipment development will be a lot of constraints.

artificial grass technology has been more mature

In many countries in the world, due to the influence of different geographic locations, extreme natural conditions and economic conditions and other factors, at the same time, also because of the considerable amount of natural grass pitches must add the objective facts of the roof and other facilities, so that the natural lawn laying and maintenance becomes more difficult. Is in such a specific condition, the synthetic grass shows its great advantages. After a long time of development, artificial grass technology has been more mature, a number of technical indicators have been close to the natural grass to meet the technical requirements of the professional football matches on the surface of venue. In this context, the 2001 FIFA introduced the FIFA Recommended "quality certification system, the UEFA and multinational Football Association have responded immediately, more and more international games played on artificial grass venues held . The FIFA the 118th annual meeting of the Council held on February 28, 2004 in London, England, FIFA adopted a resolution to use artificial turf allows the professional game. FIFA Two-star standard detection August 2005, FIFA and UEFA football field test and certification standards reunification, the introduction of a higher standard, agreed with the World Cup final in artificial grass venues that meet the above criteria above held.

Football is a highly confrontational collective athletic events. The sport originated in China, and its roots can be traced back to five thousand years ago, the era of the Yellow Emperor, described in the "16 by" Battle of the Yellow Emperor and Chi - "escapement Chi, filling its stomach that Ju, makes enforcement of , more than in the reward. " The early 20th century, football in the rapid spread of European countries, the countries have set up a football club football deepening contact with the commodity society, resulting in a number of people to play football for the livelihoods. Since then, the professional football began sweeping the European continent.

Over a long period of training, the professional athletes of the game, the technical level of the field in the Olympic football tournament was significantly higher than the amateur athletes. The huge gap between this level Olympic football matches lost a competitive nature, wonderful, affect the enthusiasm of many regions to participate in the Olympic Games. Professional Footballers' scoops two titles in the 1908 and 1912 Olympic Games, after controversy about whether to allow professional athletes to participate in the Olympic Games is more intense. Later, the FIFA professional football players participate in the Olympics some restrictions. But how to distinguish between professional athletes and amateur athletes, FIFA has not a very clear concept and definition.

sports grass has excellent damping properties

sports grass product features:
Colorful variety of options;
Having excellent wear resistance;
100% acrylic class materials and specialty rubber particles, toughness, cover generated based on small cracks;
Suitable for a variety of climatic conditions, resistance to ultraviolet radiation, colors lasting not faded;
There are a variety of flexible level to choose from;
sports grass has excellent damping properties, reducing the athlete by the oscillation of the foot and leg.

sports grass maintenance convenience
1, adhesive layer: the upper berth in the civil engineering concrete substrate coated with a layer dedicated binder. The binder is a water-based material, alkali resistance, and can be closely adhered above the concrete surface, and the series of coatings closely combined prevent degumming wrinkling problem.
, Foundation seal silicon layer: A material does not contain asbestos, and quartz sand mix Shop acrylic emulsion coating, permeability, adhesive strength, the correct venue flatness and increases stick Results strength.
3, elastic base layer: Shop acrylic emulsion coatings doped with EPDM rubber particles, as elastic skeleton provides the better than ordinary elasticity venue, elastic effect.
4, elastic enhancement layer: acrylic emulsion composition by the incorporation of special tablets object of the rubber particles, better than fill the base layer of the small gap, providing a good elastic damping effect, and the protection of the joints of athletes.
5, completed in layers: two-story shop, colorful and full UV-resistant acrylic paint coating made​​, adjust ball speed, and enhance the role of abrasion resistance.
6, the boundaries of paint: with a a quality white line paint, color saturation, use a long time, hiding power, easy to use for the stadium site boundaries marking.

Abrasion resistance (durability) of the synthetic grass fibers on the site depends on many parameters

The synthetic grass venue for end users to use and, therefore, an important performance is closely related with the user. Whether safety, the most important factor in the above sports or play users are comfortable; For professional athletes, sports performance, and, apart from the two outside are equally important.

1 security
Including abrasions and burns caused by the movement of heavy metals exceeded; former a intuitive visual impact on the safety of users, while the latter should superscalar be great harm both the user's health and the environment. Testing laboratories in Europe are very strict standard requirements for heavy metal content, by contrast, the value of most domestic testing laboratories for the detection of heavy metal content is too broad.

2. Comfort
The softness of the fibers of synthetic grass grass more fitting natural grass, the more comfortable, while reducing the risk factor of the movement.

3 sports performance (FIFA recognized several)

  - The rolling of the ball

  - Angle ball rebound angle

  - Cushioning the absorptive capacity of the venue

  - Longitudinal deformation of the venue

  - Venue rebound performance

Misinterpretation of tensile strength detection, detection of synthetic grass tensile strength refers to a synthetic grass products through analog movement cycle, reduce the percentage of the tensile strength of the product on the international standards. Meet the standard pull tensile strength value basis, the magnitude of the tensile strength decreased lower the better on behalf of the grass fiber quality, rather than the often said that some products tensile strength higher the better the quality. Common sense, high tensile strength of the wire, and is not suitable for the sport. Therefore, the blind pursuit of high tensile strength and ignore to bring users the comfort and safety performance is the practice of putting the cart before the horse.
 
Abrasion resistance (durability) of the synthetic grass fibers on the site depends on many parameters, and not rely solely on the tensile strength to decide. Can be seen through the the Leesburg test below. (Risbourg tests also called spikes scroll test is the global analog lawn wear detection. Packed with nails to simulate the actual use of the cylinder in accordance with a pre-set number of laps.)

To the Chinese artificial turf brand-TurfSoccer for example

To the Chinese artificial turf brand-TurfSoccer for example, in order to ensure the security of sports venues and sports level, must be laid between the ground-based layer and turf layer elastic cushion, because handball in Germany, there have been caused because the ground reasons athletes casualties, the DIN standard has always been considered the highest standards of the sports ground application of elastic cushion from the plastic track is also used in the artificial turf system.

It is because of the problems of the construction of the ground-based, affecting the construction contractors on the construction of the artificial turf system, resulting in late venue problems If you hit the foundation has been to lay the construction business, this problem is to continue construction new transformation of the base layer? our Party will oversee this part of it?

Second, artificial turf is compiled from wire grass, turf quality is very important, the Netherlands Thiolon Beijing Representative Office, Mr. Chen Peng told us: anti-aging and anti-wear is an important measure of quality of turf indicators, but the essence of the anti-aging is anti-UV, anti-UV degree; latter, anti-wear is a very important indicator. directly against the view that the use of raised important affecting normal artificial turf system is good or bad factor.

Thiolon for the Chinese market in 2007, released a series of new products and venues certification system venue the interests of all parties, so that can guarantee a certain extent, the problem can also responsibility to the people.

laid artificial turf, but also to fill the inside what problem it? still return to the system, a complete system, the saturation of the filler particles have strict requirements, indicators to measure the standard exposing a length of the wire of the grass.

An insufficient amount of the filler particles can be brought to the construction of low cost, but the consequences of this is that the height of the variable length of the wire grass turf surface, the turf this should be filled covering a portion of the particles, was exposed in the air, this should wire grass wear parts change. turf grass wire should be sliding wear, and because the filler particles is not enough, and thus become the wear of the abrasive nature, which is why pitch used for a period after there will be a wide variety of fine grass wire fluff.

From strict health perspective, this is very beneficial to the health of the movement. Turf rarely abroad, of course, the the foreign venue does not so much wear.

Finally, let us talk about the issue of Party Party may be a part of the least understood of the entire chain of artificial turf, but inconvenient for us to understand the rules in the bidding process.

Party can do the regular maintenance of the site and the control site opening hours can be done, especially in schools, to provide students with the health and safety of artificial turf, it is also very important.

Vietnam completed the first one FIFA Award certified synthetic turf stadium

Vietnam completed the first one FIFA Award certified synthetic turf stadium

    The city of Dalat, Vietnam (Da Lat) Lam Dong Normal University Stadium has just built a Vietnam the first piece and Vietnam only a FIFA Award certified synthetic turf football venue, venue Chupin American ACT Global Sports Company. This new synthetic turf stadium built to replace the natural turf stadium, this stadium was originally used to host Vietnam's highest level of football league tournament venue.

    ACT Global the FIFA Recommended football synthetic turf manufacturer, one of the company's synthetic turf products go through a series of stringent detection is confirmed to to meet FIFA to develop the highest standards. The turf installed in Vietnam this venue belongs Xtreme turf products, this product has been installed around the world, many of the top professional stadium use. This site is responsible for the installation by ACT Global Partner Hoang Nguyen. Site engineering includes: overall design, the construction of a foundation layer contains the drainage facilities, design the sturdy and roof, as well as space and equipment maintenance training. In the use of the new synthetic turf venues before the game on this site often to be canceled due to inclement weather or be postponed, leading to the stadium is not sufficient utilization. ACT Global Regional Sales Manager Daniel Clapham said: "For this site, I have received a positive assessment on the quality of the turf, and the owners also said the synthetic turf to reduce maintenance costs, they can also generate income rental synthetic turf venues." Clapham said. : "a mountain high rainfall areas involved in the completion of the building of such a high standard of venues, ACT Global's very proud. "The players and coaches are also agreed to invest in the construction of such a high level of synthetic turf stadium also to ensure adequate training and competition time throughout the year to ensure the standard of venues." Clapham added: "We have noticed a worldwide fashion trends change, many emerging market is based on the original price-oriented, but also recognize that high-quality products, professional installation process and ground maintenance to maintain the long-term value. "

    ACT Global recently a FIFA seminar organized in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Vietnam some heavyweight experts attended the meeting. FIFA officials elaborated on the meeting the the synthetic turf industrial development in recent years, and the major impact on the sport of soccer, and also about the use of the FIFA Recommended synthetic turf products produced a number of benefits. The Vietnam Football Federation president and Football Association vice chairman to participate in this seminar, they spoke highly of this stadium newly built city of Dalat, and will actively promote the promotion of the FIFA quality concept.

International football the sports grass of the Council resolution

International football the sports grass of the Council resolution

· Resolution I

If the crossbar is displaced or broken, should stop the game, until repaired reset. If it is not possible to repair, to stop the match. With a rope is not allowed to substitute the bar. If the beams can be repaired, in the location of the ball where the game was stopped falling ball to restart the game.

· Resolution

The goalposts and crossbar must be made ​​of wood, metal or other approved material. Its shape can be square, rectangular, round or oval, and shall not constitute a hazard to the players.

· Resolution III

Not allowed to enter the venue from the team to the end of the first half to leave, and the second half to re-enter the venue to the end of the game, any commercial advertising, whether it is physical or graphic in the the sports grass competition venues and venues device (including ground inside the goal net and the goal net). Especially in goal, goal nets, corner flag or corner flag to be advertising, nor install any ancillary equipment (such as video cameras, microphones, etc.).

· Resolution IV

Ground area outside the venue and distance within 1 meter of the sideline, and do not allow any form of advertising.

Further, in a region between the goal line and the goal net also allowed ad appears.

· Resolution V

As described in resolution III, during the game, the International Federation of Association Football, Intercontinental Federation, National Association, Union, club or other group representative signs or copies of the pattern, whether it is physical or graphic, prohibited competition venues and venues on the device (including the ground inside the goal net and the goal net).

· Resolution VI

Outside the venue, from the corner arc of 9.15 meters (10 yards) and perpendicular to the goal line to make a mark, to ensure to keep the distance the square players can compliance in kicking the corner.

sports grass manufactured some of the relevant advantages of the process

sports grass advantage

With a modern development, the more one more sports grass company continued to appear in people's lives, however, for this type of material, whether it What advantages? Details see the following description.

The First sports grass, sports grass manufactured using the principle of bionics, movement Jiaogan, ball rebound speed and is very similar to natural lawn and has good water drainage after heavy rain can quickly clean. manufacturing sports grass lawn in addition to the excellent performance of a variety of natural lawn, especially wear-resistant and 10 year warranty.

By sports grass characteristics venue planning into a plane, without any asperities, and this new structure has damping noise reduction function reduces site noise. Sports grass playground to take the concept of security, and no concerns caused by sports injuries due to improper flexibility. Colorful, durable non-fade, easy maintenance, matching with the surrounding environment and buildings, is the best choice for sports venues. sports grass-weather venue, completely free from rain, snow, weather. In the cold, high temperature and other extreme climate region. These sports grass, sports grass manufactured some of the relevant advantages of the process.

The standard synthetic turf football field area is over 7000 square meters.

Is well known that the laying of synthetic turf playing field to overcome bad weather, lower maintenance costs, reduce injuries ideal, so that athletes can demonstrate first-class competitive level and has long been engaged in athletic career may. In full compliance with the requirements of the sports world, but also to meet all the technical and performance requirements of FIFA, and laboratory testing by the international sports surfaces Science Association, has been recognized by the Football League at all levels. Then the area of the football field in the end be?
Regular size of a football field:

Venue: 105 meters long, 68 meters wide;

Goal: 7.32 meters long, 2.44 meters high;

Closed Area (penalty area): length 40.32 meters wide and 16.5 meters, the goalposts on the bottom line distance of 16.5 m;

Small restricted area (goal area): length 18.32 meters, 5.5 meters wide and 5.5 meters, the bottom line distance goalposts;

In the the lap area: 9.15 m radius;

Corner area: a radius of 1 m and 13.84 m, the distance of area;

The penalty arc: penalty points, a semicircle of a radius of 9.15 m;

Penalty point: 11 meters from the goal line

The standard synthetic turf football field area is over 7000 square meters. TurfSoccer professional artificial turf soccer field construction companies are welcome to come to discuss cooperation!